以磷化铁为添加剂沿(111)面生长磷掺杂金刚石大单晶

掺杂是调控金刚石性能的一种重要手段。本文采用温度梯度法,在5.6 GPa、1 312 ℃的条件下,选用Fe₃P作为磷源进行磷掺杂金刚石大单晶的合成。金刚石样品的显微光学照片表明,随着Fe₃P添加比例的增加,金刚石晶体的颜色逐渐变深,包裹体数量逐渐增加,晶形由板状转变为塔状直至骸晶。金刚石晶形的变化表明Fe₃P的添加使生长金刚石的V形区向右偏移,这是Fe₃P改变触媒特性的缘故。红外光谱分析表明,Fe₃P的添加使金刚石晶体中氮含量上升,这说明磷的进入诱使氮原子更容易进入金刚石晶格中。激光拉曼光谱测试表明,随着Fe₃P添加比例的增加,所合成的掺磷金刚石的拉曼峰位变化不大,其半峰全宽(FWHM)值变大,这说明磷的进入使得金刚石晶格畸变增加。XPS测试结果显示,随着Fe₃P添加比例的增加,金刚石晶体中磷相对碳的原子百分含量也会增加,这意味着添加Fe₃P所合成的金刚石晶体中有磷存在。     

INFLUENCE OF FRICTION ON THE MOTION OF BASE WITH AN ECCENTRIC ROTOR

偏心转子惯性力引起的底座运动受到地面摩擦的影响，与光滑情形的理论结果存在定性差异。转子逆时针匀速旋转的惯性力若小于构件总重，则底座随摩擦因子增加而出现连续、一次停顿和两次停顿的振动及完全静止的4种状态。因惯性力对正压力及摩擦力的影响，底座在连续及一次停顿的振动时右向位移较大；而底座跳起时如``蛤蟆夯'则整体向左移动。     

Global strong solution of 3D tropical climate model with damping

We establish the global well-posedness of a strong solution to the 3D tropical climate model with damping. We prove that there exists the global and unique solution for α, β, γ satisfying one of the following three conditions: (1) \alpha ,\beta \ge \mathrm{4}; (2) ; (3) .     

Integral Representations of the Large and Little Schröder Numbers

In the paper, the authors establish several integral representations for the generating functions of the large and little Schröder numbers and for the large and little Schröder numbers.     

板中热弹波传播: 一种改进的勒让德多项式方法

近年来, 超声导波因其衰减小, 传播距离远和信号覆盖范围广, 成为无损检测领域快速发展的方向之一. 然而, 基于超声导波的高温在线检测和激光超声技术却发展缓慢, 其关键在于热弹耦合波动方程求解难度大、传播与衰减特性研究困难. 作为一种有效的求解方法, 勒让德正交多项式方法已广泛应用于导波传播问题, 但该方法在求解热弹导波传播时存在两个不足, 限制其进一步的发展和应用. 这两个缺陷是: (1)求解过程中大量积分的存在, 致使计算效率低下; (2)仅能处理等热边界条件的热弹导波传播. 针对两项不足之处, 提出一种改进的勒让德正交多项式方法, 以求解分数阶热弹板中的导波传播. 推导求解方法中积分的解析表达式, 以提高计算效率; 引入温度梯度展开式, 发展适合勒让德多项式级数的绝热边界条件处理方法. 与已有文献结果对比表明改进方法的正确性; 与已有方法的计算时间对比说明改进方法的高效性. 最后将改进的方法用于求解分数阶热弹板中的导波传播, 研究分数阶次对频散、衰减曲线和应力、位移、温度分布等的影响.      

A periodic DFT study on adsorption of small molecules(CH4,CO,H2O,H2S,NH3)on the WO3(001) surface-supported Au

Gas molecules(such as CH4,CO,H2O,H2S,NH_3)adsorption on the pure and Au-doped WO3(001)surface have been studied by Density functional theory calculations with generalized gradient approximation.Based on the the calculation of adsorption energy,we found the most stable adsorption site for gas molecules by comparing the adsorption energies of different gas molecules on the WO3(001)surface.We have also compared the adsorption energy of five different gas molecules on the WO3(001)surface,our calculation results show that when the five kinds of gases are adsorbed on the pure WO3(001)surface,the order of the surface adsorption energy is CO>H2S>CH4>H2O>NH3.And the results show that NH3 is the most easily adsorbed gas among the other four gases adsorbed on the surface of pure WO3(001)surface.We also calculated the five different gases on the Au-doped WO3(001)surface.The order of adsorption energy was found to be different from the previous calculation:CO>CH4>H2S>H2O>NH3.These results provide a new route for the potential applications of Au-doped WO3 in gas molecules adsorption.     

Synthesis and Detection of Pesticides of Luminescent Metal-organic Framework Based on Carboxyl-decorating Tetraphenylethylene

A water-stable porous anionic metal-organic framework(MOF), [(CH_3)_2NH_2][In(TCPP)_(4/3)]_n·(2DMF)_n(3H_2O)_n(1, TCPP = 1,1,2,2-tetra(4-carboxylbiphenyl)ethylene), was synthesized. Here, compound 1 showed extremely high sensitivity and selectivity to current general-purpose pesticide 2,6-dichloro-4-nitroaniline(DCN) in aqueous solution. The fluorescence intensity of compound 1 could be decreased as much as 80% by 6 mL DCN, and it was almost completely quenched only with 20 mL DCN. The results indicate that compound 1 can act as a fluorescent probe for DCN.     

大豆脲酶诱导碳酸钙沉淀的多因素影响分析

本文探究了多个影响因素对大豆脲酶诱导碳酸钙沉淀(SICP)的影响,以优选出主要影响因素并提供其最佳范围。首先分析了脲酶浓度和温度对脲酶活性的影响;之后通过正交实验设计,进行25种工况的SICP水溶液实验,研究不同因素组合下Ca²⁺利用率的变化规律;最后借助扫描电子显微镜观测不同工况下生成碳酸钙的形态。结果表明:低温有利于脲酶的保存及活性发挥,5 ℃时脲酶活性能保持21 d以上;同一温度下,脲酶浓度越大,脲酶初始活性越高,脲酶完全失活所需时间越短。pH值、脲酶与胶结液体积比是影响Ca²⁺利用率的主要因素。为达到较高的Ca²⁺利用率,脲酶和胶结液最佳体积比为1,氯化钙与尿素最佳浓度比为1.5,Ca²⁺最佳浓度为1 mol/L。当脲酶浓度较低时生成的六面体状碳酸钙较多;随着脲酶浓度的增大,所沉淀的碳酸钙向球形转变。大豆中富含的天冬氨酸是控制碳酸钙形态的重要因素。     

三元层状MAX相固溶体研究进展

MAX相是一类具有层状结构的三元碳化物或(和)氮化物,M是过渡金属元素,A主要是ⅢA~ⅤA族元素,X是C或N元素。这类化合物兼具陶瓷材料和金属材料的特点,具有优异的导电、导热、耐腐蚀以及抗氧化等性能,在诸多领域具有潜在应用价值。近年来,新元素、新结构和固溶体MAX相的不断出现,进一步扩展了MAX相家族。固溶体MAX相是将合适的元素固溶到已知MAX相中而得到的新MAX相。本文分四类总结了127种MAX相固溶体,对其结构改变和性能调控进行了概括,并指出目前研究存在的理论问题和亟须解决的关键技术,最后对MAX相固溶体的发展进行了预测和展望。